![]() He had no interest in being involved in these kinds of military exploits although he had served with Trajan in some of them, in earlier years, he had no desire to continue that on. You’ll remember that Trajan’s major political policy had to do with military conquest, that Trajan was involved in a number of very important wars, and he celebrated those wars, and he extended the Empire to its furthest reaches, reaches that were never gone beyond for the rest of the Roman Empire. He traveled extensively during his reign, had three major trips that had an enormous impact on his architecture, and also on architecture around the Empire.Īnd it’s also important I think to know that he reversed Trajan’s policy. I mentioned that he already–he also liked to travel. We’ll talk about the impact that that intellect had on his architecture. He was born, like Trajan before him, in Spain, not in Italy, and he also was the most educated, one of the most educated, and most intellectual of the Roman emperors. He was born in 76 A.D., and he became emperor at the age of 41, after having served with Trajan for a number of years. The patron Hadrian, whom I show you in a portrait from Rome, now on the left-hand side of the screen, was an extraordinary man. It has great architecture it has an extraordinary patron – a man who traveled the Empire, to all kinds of exotic places, some of which we’ll be talking about today and some of which we’ll be talking about in the future a love triangle some of the best buildings that we’ll see in the course of this semester, including the Pantheon and also Hadrian’s Villa at Tivoli. This lecture, that I’m going to deliver this morning, has been an inspiration to students who have selected Option 3 for their paper topic: “How to Design a Roman City.” Because this lecture has it all. Kleiner: Good morning everyone, and welcome back, after what I hope was a great spring break. The Temple of Venus and Roma: A Greek Temple in Rome Roman Architecture HSAR 252 - Lecture 15 - Rome and a Villa: Hadrian's Pantheon and Tivoli RetreatĬhapter 1. The lecture concludes with a brief overview of the Mausoleum of Hadrian (the Castel Sant’Angelo), a round tomb that refers back to the Mausoleum of Augustus and served as the last resting place for Hadrian and the succeeding Antonine dynasty. Professor Kleiner next discusses the Villa of Hadrian at Tivoli, a sprawling complex in which the emperor re-created buildings and works of art he observed during his empire-wide travels. The Pantheon represents the culmination of the Roman quest towards an architecture that shapes and dramatizes interior space. The porch serves to conceal the circular shape from view, but upon entering the structure the visitor is impressed by the massive interior space and theatrical play of light. Professor Kleiner then turns to the Pantheon, a temple dedicated to all the gods that combines the marble porch and pediment of a traditional Greco-Roman temple with a vast concrete cylindrical drum, hemispherical dome, and central oculus. ![]() The lecture begins with the Temple of Venus and Roma, a Greek-style temple constructed near the Colosseum in Rome, which may have been designed by Hadrian himself. Professor Kleiner features the architecture built in and around Rome during the reign of Hadrian. And aside from both being made of marble and sharing a similar etymology - both names are derived from the Greek word parthenos, which is an epithet of the Greek goddess Athena, meaning "virgin" - these two famous buildings of the ancient world actually have very little in common.Lecture 15 - Rome and a Villa: Hadrian's Pantheon and Tivoli Retreat Overview The Parthenon, for instance, is in Athens, Greece, and the Pantheon is in Rome, Italy. But the two are very different they're not even located in the same country. And that's no surprise because the names are super similar. ![]() The point is, the Parthenon and the Pantheon often are confused as being the same thing. Would you picture a similar scene in your head? If a friend who was about to go off on a European adventure told you they were going to visit the Pantheon, would you immediately picture an ancient temple with white marble columns? What if that same friend told you they would also be stopping by the Parthenon. It was built sometime between 126 and 128 A.D. The Pantheon is one of today's best-preserved structures from ancient Rome.
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